Blog Posts
10 Years of Research in Technical Debt and an Agenda for the Future

This post reviews the evolution of the field of technical debt and identifies open research questions that will drive future developments.
• By Robert Nord, Ipek Ozkaya
In Technical Debt
Software Engineering for Machine Learning: Characterizing and Detecting Mismatch in Machine-Learning Systems
This post describes how we are creating and assessing empirically validated practices to guide the development of machine-learning-enabled systems.
• By Grace Lewis, Ipek Ozkaya
In Artificial Intelligence Engineering
Data-Driven Management of Technical Debt
Technical debt communicates the tradeoff between the short-term benefits of rapid delivery and the long-term value of developing a software system that is easy to evolve, modify, repair, and sustain. …
• By Ipek Ozkaya
In Artificial Intelligence Engineering
AI Engineering: 11 Foundational Practices for Decision Makers
Artificial intelligence (AI) is driving advances throughout modern society, including in the fields of medicine, transportation, education, and finance....
• By Ipek Ozkaya, Angela Horneman, Andrew Mellinger
In Artificial Intelligence Engineering
Managing the Consequences of Technical Debt: 5 Stories from the Field
If you participate in the development of software, the chances are good that you have experienced the consequences of technical debt....
• By Ipek Ozkaya, Robert Nord
In Technical Debt
10 Recommended Practices for Achieving Agile at Scale
This post is the first in a two-part series highlighting 10 recommended practices for achieving agile at scale. Software and acquisition professionals often have questions about recommended practices related to …
• By Ipek Ozkaya, Robert Nord, SPRUCE Project
In Agile
Using Scenario-Based Architecture Analysis to Inform Code Quality Measures
As the pace of software delivery increases, organizations need guidance on how to deliver high-quality software rapidly, while simultaneously meeting demands related to time-to-market, cost, productivity, and quality. In practice, …
• By Robert Nord, Ipek Ozkaya
In Software Architecture
Agile and Architecture Practices for Rapid Delivery
Agile projects with incremental development lifecycles are showing greater promise in enabling organizations to rapidly field software compared to waterfall projects. There is a lack of clarity, however, regarding the …
• By Stephany Bellomo, Ipek Ozkaya, Robert Nord
In Agile
Developing an Architecture-Focused Measurement Framework for Managing Technical Debt
Managing technical debt, which refers to the rework and degraded quality resulting from overly hasty delivery of software capabilities to users, is an increasingly critical aspect of producing cost-effective, timely, …
• By Ipek Ozkaya
In Technical Debt
Enabling Agility by Strategically Managing Architectural Technical Debt
As industry and government customers demand increasingly rapid innovation and the ability to adapt products and systems to emerging needs, the time frames for releasing new software capabilities continue to …